TENSES

1. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

Simple present tense adalah suatu bentuk kalimat yang menyatakan suatu bentuk perbuatan atau peristiwa yang terjadi pasda saat sekarang atau kejadian yang merupakan kebiasaan sehari-hari.

Bentuk Nominal

(+) S + To be ( am, is, are)+ O/C
(-) S + To be+ not + O/C
(?) To be+ S + O/C

Contoh : (+) I am here every night

Bentuk Verbal

(+) S + V 1 s/es + Object ( O)
(-) S + do not/ does not + V1 + O
(?) Do/Does + S + V1 + O

Contoh : (?) Do you make an animation at studio ?

2. PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Present Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang sedang berlangsung dan belum selesai di waktu sekarang.

Bentuk Verbal :

(+) S + To be ( is, am, are)+ v-ing+ O
(-) S + To be + not + V- ing + O
(?) To be + S + V-ing + O

Contoh : (?) Is she painting the picture ?

Bentuk Nominal :

(+) S + TOBE + Being + N + O/C

Contoh : we are being Animator.

3. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

Present perfect tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang telah selesai di waktu sekarang.

Bentuk Nominal

(+) S + have/has + been + O/C
(-) S + have/has+ not + been + O/C
(?) Have/Has + S + been + O/C

Contoh : (+) We have been here since morning.

Bentuk Verbal

(+) S + have/Has + V3 + O
(-) S + have/ has + not + V3 +O
(?) Have/Has + S + V3 + O

Contoh : (-) I haven’t seen you for a long time.

4. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Present Perfect Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang dimulai dari waktu lampau dan masih terus berlangsung hingga waktu sekarang.

Bentuk Nominal :

S +has/have + been + being + O + Adj

Contoh : I have been being an animator since i was 18 years old

Bentuk Verbal

(+) S + have/has + been + V-ing + O
(-) S + have/has +not+ been+ V-ing+ O
(?) Have/Has + S + been + V-ing + O

Contoh : (+) My uncle has been living in Bandung since 1990.

5. SIMPLE PAST TENSE

Simple past tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang terjadi pada waktu lampau.

Bentuk Nominal

(+) S + To be ( was, were )+ O/C
(-) S + To be+ not + O/C
(?) To be+ S + O/C?

Contoh : (+) I was in Animation Studio last Week.

Bentuk Verbal

(+) S + V 1 s/es + Object ( O)
(-) S + did not + V1 + O
(?) Did + S + V1 + O

Contoh : (+) They went to Animation Studio last night.

6. PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE

Past Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang sedang berlangsung pada waktu lampau ketika kejadian lain terjadi.

Bentuk Verbal

(+) S + To be ( was, were)+ v-ing+ O
(-) S + To be + not + V- ing + O
(?) To be + S + V-ing + O

Contoh : (+) I was sleeping when you phoned me.

Bentuk Nominal

S + was/were + being + O + adv

Contoh : I was being an animator student major at Polimedia.

7. PAST PERFECT TENSE

Past perfect tense digunakan untuk menerangkan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang sudah selesai dilakukan pada waktu lampau.

Bentuk Nominal

(+) S + had + been + O/C
(-) S + had+ not + been + O/C
(?) Had+ S + been + O/C

Contoh : (+) They had been at studio since morning.

Bentuk Verbal

(+) S + had + V3 + O
(-) S + had + not + V3 +O
(?) Had + S + V3 + O

Contoh : (-) I hadn’t studied Animation when my father came here

8. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Past Perfect Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang sudah dimulai pada waktu lampau dan masih berlangsung terus hingga pada waktu yang lampau pula.

Bentuk Verbal

(+) S + had+ been + V-ing + O
(-) S + had +not+ been+ V-ing+ O
(?) Had + S + been + V-ing + O

Contoh : (+) He had been trying over and over again to solve the problem.

Bentuk Nominal

S + had + been + being + O + adv

Contoh : (+) I had been being an animation student since 2011.

9. SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE

Simple Future Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang terjadi pada waktu yang datang.

Bentuk Nominal

(+) S + will + be + O/C
(-) S + will+ not+ be + O/C
(?) Will + S + be+ O/C

Contoh : (+) He will be here to night.

Bentuk Verbal

(+) S + will +V 1+ Object ( O)
(-) S + will not + V1 + O
(?) Will + S + V1 + O

Contoh : (+) She will come there, if you ivite her.

10. PAST FUTURE TENSE

Past Future Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang akan terjadi pada waktu lampau.

Bentuk Nominal

(+) S + would + be + O/C
(-) S + would+ not+ be+ O/C
(?) Would + S + be+ O/C

Contoh : (?) Should we be there last night?

Bentuk Verbal

(+) S + would +V 1+ Object ( O)
(-) S + would not + V1 + O
(?)Would + S + V1 + O

Contoh : (-) You should not go to school if you are still sick.

11. FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE

Future Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang akan sedang berlangsung di waktu tertentu di masa yang akan datang.

Bentuk Verbal

(+) S + will/shall + be + v-ing+ O
(-) S + will/shall + not +be + V- ing + O
(?) Will/shall + S+ be + V-ing + O

Contoh : (+) We shall be waiting for him after dinner time tonight.

Bentuk Nominal :

S + will/shall + be + being + O/C

Contoh : I will be being an talented animator.

12.  FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

Future Perfect Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang sudah dimulai pada waktu lampau dan segera selesai pada waktu yang akan datang.

Bentuk Nominal

(+) S +will+ have + been + O/C
(-) S + will+have + been + O/C
(?)Will +S +have + been + O/C

Contoh : (-) She will not has been at home by the end of this week.

Bentuk Verbal

I/ (+) S +will+ have + V3 + O
(-) S +will + not+ have + V3 +O
(?) Will + S +Have + V3 + O

Contoh : (+) We shall have arrived at school at 7 o’clock.

13. FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Future Perfect Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang sudah dimulai pada waktu lampau tetapi masih ada kemungkinan dilanjutkan pada waktu yang akan datang.

Bentuk Verbal

(+) S + will + have + been + V-ing + O
(-) S + will + not +haven’t+ been+ V-ing+ O
(?Will + S+ have + been + V-ing + O

Contoh  : (+) We will have been attending the English course here for six months by next month.

Bentuk Nominal

S + Will/shall + have + been + Ving +O/C

Contoh : I will have been attending the party

14. PAST FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

Past Future Perfect Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang akan sudah selesai pada waktu lampau atau menyatakan pengandaian yang tidak mungkin terjadi karena syaratnya sudah pasti tidak akan terpenuhi.

Bentuk Nominal

(+) S + Would + Have + Been +O/C
(-) S + Would +Have + Been + O/C
(?)Would +S +Have + Been + O/C

Contoh : (-) I should not have been there if they had not invited me.

Bentuk Verbal

(+) S + Would + Have + V3 + O
(-) S + Would + Not+ Have + V3 +O
(?) Would + S +Have + V3 + O

Contoh : (-) He wouldn’t have come here if I had not phone him.

15. PAST FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE

Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang akan sudah sedang berlangsung pada waktu lampau.

Bentuk Verbal

(+) S + Would + Have + Been + V-Ing + O
(-) S +Would + Not +Have+ Been+ V-Ing+ O
(?) Would + S+ Have + Been + V-Ing + O

Contoh : (+) They would have been waiting for three hour, by last Sunday.

16. PAST FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE

Past Future Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang akan sedang berlangsung.

Bentuk Verbal

(+) S + Would/should + Be + V-Ing+ O
(-) S + Would/should + Not +Be + V- Ing + O
(?) Would/should + S+ Be + V-Ing + O

Contoh : (+) My mother would be preparing breakfast at this hour yesterday morning.

 

GETTING INTO GRAMMAR FOR ANIMATION BUSSINESS ENGLISH SKILL by Septyo Megatama

 

MY EXPECTATION IN ENGLISH LESSON

My name is Septyo Megatama,I was born in Jakarta on September 23 ’93 . I never know,why I’m so attract to learn it (English lesson). In my point of view,this lesson is so unique,and I want to know much more . and I hope,really really hope for my new lecture to give a new spirit,much experiences,a new atmosphere ,interactive quiz,and so on . I think english lesson is important,especially for our future . It because,now is globalization and you must need clever to speak in some different language . And my hope,I can speak English fluently than before . Because in my dream,I can get my job in USA .

In English lesson,I ever get some trouble and difficult such fill the blank,grammar,and writing . And my pleasure in english lesson are speaking,dialogue or drama,and reading . That’s all my expectation and I hope for my new lecture Mr.Zul,you can give your best knowledge and experiences for me and all of us….

THANK YOU !

 

MID-TERM REVISION

B.            From the par.above I choose “Flip Book”,with sentence’The screen is lit from the side so that the pins cast shadows’.

- Verbal sentence

- Pattern : simple present tense

- active construction : lit the screen from the side so that can make the pins cast shadows.

- translation : layar dinyalakan dari samping sehingga memunculkan bayangan tokoh.

- Reason why the author uses the tenses : because the author tells the information generally.

C.            From my article,I choose sentence ‘we received over 200 shorts from 20 schools’.

                - verbal sentence

                - simple past tense

                - passive construction : over 200 shorts from 20 different schools were received by us.

                - translation : kita menerima lebih dari 200 film pendek dari 20 sekolah berbeda.

                - Reason why the author uses the tenses : it because the author tells the information in past.